The SARA Model
A commonly used problem-solving method is the SARA model (Scanning, Analysis,
Response and Assessment). The SARA model contains the following elements:
Scanning:
- Identifying recurring problems of concern to the public and the police.
- Identifying the consequences of the problem for the community and
the police.
- Prioritizing those problems.
- Developing broad goals.
- Confirming that the problems exist.
- Determining how frequently the problem occurs and how long it has
been taking place.
- Selecting problems for closer examination.
Analysis:
- Identifying and understanding the events and conditions that precede
and accompany the problem.
- Identifying relevant data to be collected.
- Researching what is known about the problem type.
- Taking inventory of how the problem is currently addressed and the
strengths and limitations of the current response.
- Narrowing the scope of the problem as specifically as possible.
- Identifying a variety of resources that may be of assistance in developing
a deeper understanding of the problem.
- Developing a working hypothesis about why the problem is occurring.
Response:
- Brainstorming for new interventions.
- Searching for what other communities with similar problems have done.
- Choosing among the alternative interventions.
- Outlining a response plan and identifying responsible parties.
- Stating the specific objectives for the response plan.
- Carrying out the planned activities.
Assessment:
- Determining whether the plan was implemented (a process evaluation).
- Collecting pre– and post–response qualitative and quantitative data.
- Determining whether broad goals and specific objectives were attained.
- Identifying any new strategies needed to augment the original plan.
- Conducting ongoing assessment to ensure continued effectiveness.
